Improvement in drain-pipe machines



PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN W. STOOKVVELL, OF PORTLAND, MAINE.

IMPROVEMENT IN DRAIN-PIPE MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 116,643, dated July 4,1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jol-IN W. SiocKwnLL, of the city of Portland, in thecounty of Cumberland and State of Maine, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in the Manufacture of Drain-Pipe; and I herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, inwhichlFigure l, plate l, shows a front elevation of the machine foroperating the revolvers and packing the case, with a vertical section ofthe case and its appurtenances. Fig. 2 shows a top plan of the same, andshows, moreover, the curved track. Fig. 3, plate 2, is a side elevationofthe machine. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the butt-former and ears.Fig. 5, a section ofthe tip-former. Fig. 0 is a side elevation of acase, showing a method of fastening the same, C showing a top plan ofthe same. Figs. I0 and ll show bottom view and side elevation of a newform of trowels. Fig. l2 shows a vertical section of two joints of pipeto illustrate a new form of joint for the same.

Same letters show like parts.

' Letters Patent reissue N o. 4,220, dated December 27, 1870, of theUnited States, hz ve already been granted to me for certain devicesembodied in the machinery employed in the present application, and I donot now claim those combinations.

My present application relates to certain improvements in themanufacture of drain, water, and other cement pipe, which I willdescribe. My invention consists: 1st, of a device which I call atip-former, in combination with a Ilange upon one extremity of the corefor forming the male end of a length of jointed pipe. 2d, in an improvedform of joint or connection for such pipe. 3d, in certain devicesemployed, in combination with a divided case, for the purpose ofretaining said case in position while being filled. 4th, in trowels of apeculiar construction for compacting the plastic material within thecase and around the core. My former invention shows a method of drivingthe rotary vertical shaft. In the present application I show a hand andfootpower, to be used when steam-power might be inconvenient or tooexpensive to obtain.

In Figs. 1 and 2, plate l, and Fig. 3, plate 2, a shows a foot-operateddevice, having the pedal b and rod c attached to a crank, d, on thebalancewheel c. f shows rails to support the operator, and also for him,when he wants more power than his weight, to grasp with his hands, and,by pulling upon said rails, add to his weight as much of his strength ashe desires. b, locks or tips 011 its hinge or pivot, (see Fig. 3, plate2,) and so, with the operators feet on either side of the pivot, themotion is imparted to the balance-wheel e. g is a sliding seat for theoperator to sit upon with his feet on the pedal b, when only a portionof his weight is needed. h is a hand device, consisting of the lever onthe standard j with the connecting-rod k also connected with a crank onthe balance-wheel e. The method of operating this is apparent, and thetwo methods can be so arranged as to operate alternately and exert acontinuous power upon the cranks d. Zand m are two beveled gears, one onthe shaft n, the other on the vertical shaft o, which carries therevolver and trowels. Both the foot and handlevers work with an upwardor lifting and downward pressure. The vertical shaft o is made eithergrooved or plain-sided, as desired, and rotates the revolver, as beforepatented by me, reissue 4,220.

I employ a ciu'ved carriage, p, running on circular tracks q, eachca-rriage having the core-pins r. These carriages can be run under theshaft o, and, having the outer casing and all the parts required, when ajoint is to be made the pipe is made and then wheeled away on the curvedcarriage and circular track, then replaced by another, and so on. Thecore-pins fr are so made as to slide inward and support the core inposition and to d raw back and allow the core to drop down out of thepipe when made. These pins can be attached in any convenient way.

With these arrangements great proinptness and rapidity can be attainedin the manufacture of the pipe. The core-pins can be made to slide inand out through or under the tip-former, which is also attached to thecarriage, as shown, and has the ears t to keep the casing centered, andalso to prevent it from rotating by the friction of the revolver bymeans of the recesses t cut in the lower ends of the cases and intendedto fit over the said ears, and thus hold the cases. The cases can bereversed when worn on one end, and new recesses made to t the ears onthe tipformer. I bring the two edges of the outer case together andplace over them, thus united, the outer piece u, which serves for aconnection for the bands extending around the case and also to stop thesqueezing through ofthe cement. Several kinds of bands to bind on thepiece can be employed to advantage, and they will serve, at the sametime, to press and hold the edges of the case together. The overlajipingpiece or case may have a shoulder for one edge of the case to restagainst. w shows a chain and inclined pins fastened to it, and ttin ginto sockets y, so that the more the pins are driven in the tighter thechains will be drawn. The pipe may be formed with a iiat side to rest onthe ground, which increases the strength of the pipe by giving it abetter bearing-surface. This is indicated in Fig. 6, plate 2, the topplan, though not specially claimed herein. The peculiar joint, as seenin Fig. 12, plate 2, enables the joints to be made much firmer andstronger.

In laying this kind of pipe, when the joints are to be united, freshmoist cement is placed either on the male end or in the recess of thefemale end of one ofthe joints to be united, and then the two pressedtightly together, so that the projecting or male end enters the other.When dry the parts thus united are as strong and iirm as other parts ofthe pipe. This, therefore, produces a tighter and a stronger joint thanheretofore in this kind of pipe. This is limited to the kind of pipeknown as cement drain-pipe. The female part of this joint may be made bya former similar in shape to the male part of thejoint, and the formermay be placed on the upper end of the newlymade joint of pipe, andrevolved sufficiently long to produce the result or female part of thejoint. One joint is formed with a projection or male end fitting arecess in the next contiguous joint with a shoulder runnin g around bothpieces of the pipe on their respective ends 011 the inner and outerperiphery. I employ a funnel-shaped device over and on the upper end ofthe case to conduct the material more readily into the case. A sectionof this is seen in Fig. l, plate l, where the device is shown as placedon the top of the outer or molding-case. As seen in Fig. l, plate l, Iconstruct the core slightly smaller at the top than at the bottom, Withthe tip-former fastened to the carriage p, as before described, and withthe peculiar enlargement f which, with the tip-former, completes the tipseen in Fig. 12. When the pipe is manufactured the withdrawal of thecorepins allows the core to be removed.

My improved manufacture of the trowels is illustrated in Figs. l0 and11, plate 2, where is shown a circular band of metal, h', with thetrowels 4/ cast in one lpiece together with the same. This band hf litsinto the bottom end of the revolver, and so affords not only anincreased cheapness and facility in manufacture, but likewiseconvenience in use. The trowels are formed on a ring, h', projectingfrom the outer periphery thereof, and have small projections on theirunder sides. (See i', Fig. l1, plate 2.)

The operation of my device is as follows: The core y being placed inposition on the tip-former, the outer case is then placed around it,both being held in position by the ears and recesses. The revolver isthen placed down over the core, and inside the case, and, beingconnected with the vertical shaft o, is caused to rotate with thisshaft. The stock is then introduced into the upper aring end of thecase, and, falling down between the -trowels, is packed and compressedby them as they rotate till the length of pipe is done. The revolver isthen lifted entirely free from the case, and the case and pipe areremoved away to give place to another. When the cement is sufficientlyset the pins w are withdrawn from the case and the core taken away, andthe pipe then allowed to dry and harden.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by` Letters Patent,is-

1. The tip-former A, in combination with the flange j' of the core gf,as herein described.

2. The improved joint for cement pipe, as shown in Fig. l2, plate 2, andas herein described.

3. The chains, sockets7 and inclined pins, or their equivalents, asshown, in combination with the case, as described.

4. The trowels, as shown in Fig. ll, provided with projections i, incombination with the collar h, when said parts are cast in one piece, asset forth.

JOHN W. STOGKWELL.

Witnesses:

W. H. CLIFFORD, GEORGE E. BIRD.

